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Sharks have developed a nice trick for osmoregulation. Just to remind you lessons from middle school, a normal fish, because of osmosis and the level of salt in oceans, tends to lose water from gills so it must drink costantely and pump out the excesse of salt. Instead sharks are osmoconformers, they regulate internal salinity to match the outside one, how??
They generate a lot of urea to counterbalance the salt in the sea! It's also one of the reasons because they smell a lot after their death (urea converts in ammoniaca)
Did you know that some sharks, due to similar reasons as the ones explained by mammalu, have no problem in staying for months in fresh water? An example lies within the basin of Rio do Amazonia in Brazil. Another example is the Leuca Shark which lives in Mexico.