Here we are for another round of the Sharing is Caring (Kinda) Tournament, starring Engineer Pikachu and Canis Majoris! Let's take a look at the rules:
Team Engineer PikachuUnlike last round, this round each side can bring a Mega! How has this affected their battle strategies? Let's look at the teams...The Rules said:Bring 4, Pick 2 Singles. You PM 4 pokemons to the ref, but the battle will be 2vs2 singles. You will choose your mons as the battle develop.
ASB Arena
Strict 3-day Disqualification. You will get a single warning per round. After that, you go over DQ and you're done. Referees please tag the combatants when you have finished your reffing. Players, if you know you're going to be away you better post a Leave of Absence BEFORE you leave, or give a very good reason in case of an emergency.
Strict 4-day Disqualification for Refs. Same rules as above (one warning and then BAM). Also, you can be sure as hell that I will jump in to subref anyone if necessary.
3 Substitutions.
Turn Order: Coin Flip
2 Recovery/5 Chills per pokemon
All Abilities
All Items
Switch=OK
Mega Clause: 1
PHAZING RULE: If a pokemon is sent back to the pokeball by a phazing move, the trainer (of the pokemon sent back obv.) chooses who will be the replacement
Steelix [Iron Chain] (M)
NATURE: Brave (-10% Evasion)
TYPE: Steel / Ground
ABILITIES: Rock Head / Sturdy / Sheer Force (H)
STATS
HP: 100
Atk: Rank 4 (+)
Def: Rank 9
SpA: Rank 2
SpD: Rank 3
Spe: 26 (-)
Size Class: 7
Weight Class: 8
Base Rank Total: 22
EC: 6/6
MC: 0
AC: 5/5
ATTACKS (75/91)
PHYSICAL
Aqua Tail
Bide
Bind
Body Slam
Bulldoze
Crunch
Cut
Dig
Double-Edge
Dragon Tail
Earthquake
Explosion
Facade
Fire Fang
Fissure
Flail
Frustration
Giga Impact
Gyro Ball
Heavy Slam
Ice Fang
Iron Head
Iron Tail
Payback
Rage
Return
Rock Blast
Rock Slide
Rock Smash
Rock Throw
Rock Tomb
Sand Tomb
Self Destruct
Slam
Smack Down
Stone Edge
Strength
Tackle
Thunder Fang
SPECIAL
Dark Pulse
Dragon Pulse
Dragonbreath
Earth Power
Flash Cannon
Hidden Power (Grass)
Hyper Beam
Mud-Slap
Snore
Twister
OTHER
Attract
Autotomise
Block
Curse
Double Team
Endure
Harden
Magnet Rise
Mimic
Mud Sport
Protect
Psych Up
Rest
Roar
Rock Polish
Rototiller
Sandstorm
Screech
Sleep Talk
Stealth Rock
Substitute
Sunny Day
Swagger
Taunt
Torment
Toxic
Nimbus (M)
Nature: Modest
+1 SpA, -1 Atk
Type: Electric / Dragon
Abilities: Shield Dust / Static / Overcoat [DW]
Stats:
HP: 110
Atk: Rank 1 [-]
Def: Rank 5
SpA: Rank 5 [+]
SpD: Rank 3
Spe: 80
Size Class: 4
Weight Class: 4
Base Rank Total: 21
EC: 9/9
MC: 0
DC: 5/5
Attacks [89 - MAX]:
Aerial Ace
Attract
Bide
Blizzard
Bulldoze
Captivate
Charge
Charge Beam
Confide
Discharge
Double Hit
Double Team
Draco Meteor
Dragon Claw
Dragon Dance
Dragon Pulse
Dragon Rage
Dragon Rush
Dragon Tail
Dragonbreath
Earthquake
Electric Terrain
Electroweb
Endure
Facade
Fire Blast
Flamethrower
Flash
Frustration
Giga Impact
Growl
Gust
Hail
Headbutt
Heal Bell
Hidden Power Grass
Hone Claws
Hurricane
Hydro Pump
Hyper Beam
Ice Beam
Incinerate
Ion Deluge
Leer
Light Screen
Magnet Rise
Mud-Slap
Natural Gift
Nature Power
Outrage
Power Gem
Protect
Rain Dance
Rest
Return
Roar
Round
Sandstorm
Secret Power
Shock Wave
Signal Beam
Slack Off
Sleep Talk
Snore
Sonicboom
Spark
Strength
Substitute
Sunny Day
Surf
Swift
Tackle
Thrash
Thunder
Thunder Wave
Thunderbolt
Thundershock
Torment
Toxic
Tri Attack
Trick Room
Twister
Volt Switch
Water Pulse
Waterfall
Weather Ball
Whirlwind
Wild Charge
Zap Cannon
Sableye [Yamirami] (F)
Nature: Brave (+1 Atk, -15% Spe, -10% Eva)
Type: Dark/Ghost
Abilities: Keen Eye / Stall / Prankster (Unlocked)
Stats:
HP: 90
Atk: Rank 4 (+)
Def: Rank 3
SpA: Rank 3
SpD: Rank 3
Spe: 43 (-)
Size Class: 1
Weight Class: 2
Base Rank Total: 16
MC: 0
AC: 5/5
Moves: (103/111)
Astonish
Confuse Ray
Detect
Feint Attack
Fake Out
Foresight
Foul Play
Fury Swipes
Knock Off
Leer
Mean Look
Night Shade
Power Gem
Punishment
Scratch
Shadow Ball
Shadow Claw
Shadow Sneak
Zen Headbutt
Feint
Flatter
Imprison
Metal Burst
Moonlight
Nasty Plot
Recover
Sucker Punch
Aerial Ace
Attract
Brick Break
Calm Mind
Dazzling Gleam
Dig
Double Team
Dream Eater
Embargo
Facade
Flash
Fling
Focus Punch
Hidden Power (Ground)
Hone Claws
Incinerate
Low Sweep
Natural Gift
Payback
Poison Jab
Power-Up Punch
Protect
Psych Up
Psychic
Rain Dance
Rest
Retaliate
Rock Smash
Rock Tomb
Round
Shock Wave
Snarl
Substitute
Sunny Day
Swagger
Taunt
Telekinesis
Thief
Torment
Toxic
Will-O-Wisp
Body Slam
Counter
Dark Pulse
Double-Edge
Dynamic Punch
Endure
Fire Punch
Fury Cutter
Gravity
Headbutt
Helping Hand
Ice Punch
Icy Wind
Lick
Low Kick
Magic Coat
Mega Punch
Metronome
Mimic
Mud-Slap
Nightmare
Octazooka
Ominous Wind
Pain Split
Role Play
Seismic Toss
Signal Beam
Sleep Talk
Snatch
Snore
Spite
Thunder Punch
Tickle
Trick
Wonder Room
Alakazam* (Houdin) Male
Nature: Timid (-Atk, +Spe, +22% accuracy)
Type: Psychic
Abilities: Synchronize/ Inner Focus/ Magic Guard (unlocked)
Stats:
HP: 90
Atk: Rank 1 (-)
Def: Rank 2
SpA: Rank 5
SpD: Rank 3
Spe: 138 (120x1.15) (+)
Size Class: 3
Weight Class: 3
Base Rank Total: 18
Mega Evolution:
Ability- Trace
Stats:
HP: 90
Atk: Rank 1 (-)
Def: Rank 3
SpA: Rank 8
SpD: Rank 3
Spe: 173 (+)
+30% Accuracy
Size Class: 3
Weight Class: 3
Base Rank Total: 24
EC: 9/9
MC: MAXED (7 CC)
AC: 5/5
Attacks: (106/ 106 total moves)
Physical:
Bide
Body Slam
Counter
Dig
Double-Edge
Drain Punch
DynamicPunch
Facade
Fire Punch*
Fling
Focus Punch
Foul Play
Frustration
Giga Impact
Headbutt
Ice Punch
Iron Tail
Knock Off
Mega Kick
Mega Punch
Natural Gift
Psycho Cut
Rage
Return
Secret Power
Seismic Toss
Skull Bash
Slash
Submission
Take Down
Thief
ThunderPunch
Zen Headbutt
Special:
Charge Beam
Confusion
Dazzling Gleam
Dream Eater
Energy Ball
Focus Blast
Future Sight
Grass Knot
Hidden Power (Fire)
Hyper Beam
Psybeam
Psychic*
Psyshock*
Psywave
Round
Shadow Ball*
Shock Wave
Signal Beam
Snore
Tri Attack
Zap Cannon
Status:
Ally Switch
Attract
Barrier
Calm Mind
Captivate
Confide
Curse
Disable
Double Team
Encore*
Endure
Embargo
Flash
Foresight
Gravity
Guard Swap*
Guard Split
Hypnosis
Kinesis
Light Screen
Magic Coat
Magic Room
Metronome
Mimic
Miracle Eye
Nightmare
Power Trick
Protect
Psych Up
Psycho Shift
Rain Dance
Recover
Recycle
Reflect
Rest
Role Play
Safeguard
Skill Swap
Sleep Talk
Snatch
Substitute
Sunny Day
Swagger
Taunt
Telekinesis
Teleport*
Thunder Wave
Torment
Toxic
Trick
Trick Room
Wonder Room
Team Canis Majoris
Bronzong [Dootakun] (N)
Nature: Brave (+1 Atk, -15% Spe, -10% Eva)
Type: Steel/Psychic
Abilities: Levitate / Heatproof / Heavy Metal (Unlocked)
Stats:
HP: 100
Atk: Rank 4 (+)
Def: Rank 5
SpA: Rank 3
SpD: Rank 5
Spe: 28 (-)
Size Class: 3
Weight Class: 5 [8 Heavy Metal]
Base Rank Total: 21
EC: 6/6
MC: 0
AC: 5/5
Moves: (73/73)
Ancient Power
Block
Bulldoze
Calm Mind
Charge Beam
Confide
Confuse Ray
Confusion
Double Team
Dream Eater
Earthquake
Endure
Explosion
Extrasensory
Facade
Feint Attack
Flash
Flash Cannon
Frustration
Future Sight
Giga Impact
Grass Knot
Gravity
Gyro Ball
Heal Block
Heavy Slam
Hidden Power (Grass)
Hyper Beam
Hypnosis
Imprison
Iron Defense
Iron Head
Light Screen
Metal Sound
Natural Gift
Payback
Protect
Psych Up
Psychic
Psyshock
Psywave
Rain Dance
Recycle
Reflect
Rest
Return
Rock Polish
Rock Slide
Rock Smash
Rock Tomb
Rollout
Round
Safeguard
Sandstorm
Secret Power
Shadow Ball
Signal Beam
Skill Swap
Sleep Talk
Snore
Solar Beam
Stealth Rock
Strength
Substitute
Sunny Day
Swagger
Tackle
Telekinesis
Toxic
Trick
Trick Room
Wonder Room
Zen Headbutt
<Ditto> (Ottis) [No Gender]
Nature: Quirky
Type: Normal
Normal: Normal STAB; +1 BAP on attacks that match dominant arena type after 3 actions. Unable to have Thrash or Outrage disrupted by oncoming damage.
About: A Shiny Ditto, Ottis is a joker at heart. Although he means no harm, Ottis is unable to not change the opponent's form upon transforming, mostly in an (mostly sucessful) attempt at making other people laugh and annoy the enemy.
He bonded extremely well with Bosco, given their similar form, shininess and....''unique'' natures.
Abilities:
Limber (Passive): This Pokemon’s body is well trained and immune to paralysis.
Imposter (HIDDEN ABILITY UNLOCKED, Passive): This Pokemon transforms into an opponent specified by the trainer immediately upon entry into battle.
HP: 90
Atk: Rank 2
Def: Rank 2
SpA: Rank 2
SpD: Rank 2
Spe: 48
Size Class: 1
Weight Class: 1
Base Rank Total: 12
EC: N/A
MC: N/A
AC: 5/5
Attacks - COMPLETE- 0 CC
Transform
Pyroak [Fyrus] (Male)
Nature: Brave (+ Atk, - Spe, -10% Evasion)
Type: Grass/Fire
Abilities: Rock Head/Battle Armor/Chlorophyll (H) UNLOCKED
Stats:
HP: 120
Atk: Rank 4 (+)
Def: Rank 4
SpA: Rank 3
SpD: Rank 3
Spe: 52 (-)
Size Class: 4
Weight Class: 5
Base Rank Total: 20
EC: 9/9
MC: 0
AC: 5/5
Attacks (89/89 - Movepool Complete):
Absorb
Amnesia
Ancientpower
Aromatherapy
Attract
Blaze Kick
Block
Bulldoze
Bullet Seed
Confide
Counter
Double Edge
Double Team
Dragon Tail
Dragonbreath
Earth Power
Earthquake
Ember
Endure
Energy Ball
Facade
Fire Blast
Fire Spin
Flame Burst
Flame Charge
Flame Wheel
Flamethrower
Flare Blitz
Flash
Flash Cannon
Frustation
Giga Drain
Giga Impact
Grass Knot
Grasswhistle
Grassy Terrain
Growth
Headbutt
Heat Crash
Heat Wave
Hidden Power Ice
Hyper Beam
Incinerate
Inferno
Iron Defense
Iron Tail
Lava Plume
Leaf Tornado
Leech Seed
Light Screen
Low Kick
Low Sweep
Natural Gift
Nature Power
Overheat
Petal Blizzard
Petal Dance
Protect
Psybeam
Rest
Return
Revenge
Roar
Rock Climb
Rock Slide
Rock Smash
Rock Tomb
Round
Safeguard
Sand Tomb
Secret Power
Seed Bomb
Sleep Talk
Snore
Solarbeam
Stealth Rock
Strength
Substitute
Sunny Day
Swagger
Sweet Scent
Swords Dance
Synthesis
Toxic
Water Sport
Will-o-Wisp
Wood Hammer
Worry Seed
Zap Cannon
In the right corner, we have the well-known battler Canis Majoris. Let's give him a big hand! HIs Mega Evolution for today is Katharine the Gardevior, and she is incredibly strong. The oddball in this lineup is Otis the Ditto, who is a member of a species you don't see every day. I would give the honor of being the Pokemon to watch out for to Fyrus the Pyroak, however, as nothing really likes to fight one of those.
Bronzong [Dootakun] (N)
Nature: Brave (+1 Atk, -15% Spe, -10% Eva)
Type: Steel/Psychic
Abilities: Levitate / Heatproof / Heavy Metal (Unlocked)
Stats:
HP: 100
Atk: Rank 4 (+)
Def: Rank 5
SpA: Rank 3
SpD: Rank 5
Spe: 28 (-)
Size Class: 3
Weight Class: 5 [8 Heavy Metal]
Base Rank Total: 21
EC: 6/6
MC: 0
AC: 5/5
Moves: (73/73)
Ancient Power
Block
Bulldoze
Calm Mind
Charge Beam
Confide
Confuse Ray
Confusion
Double Team
Dream Eater
Earthquake
Endure
Explosion
Extrasensory
Facade
Feint Attack
Flash
Flash Cannon
Frustration
Future Sight
Giga Impact
Grass Knot
Gravity
Gyro Ball
Heal Block
Heavy Slam
Hidden Power (Grass)
Hyper Beam
Hypnosis
Imprison
Iron Defense
Iron Head
Light Screen
Metal Sound
Natural Gift
Payback
Protect
Psych Up
Psychic
Psyshock
Psywave
Rain Dance
Recycle
Reflect
Rest
Return
Rock Polish
Rock Slide
Rock Smash
Rock Tomb
Rollout
Round
Safeguard
Sandstorm
Secret Power
Shadow Ball
Signal Beam
Skill Swap
Sleep Talk
Snore
Solar Beam
Stealth Rock
Strength
Substitute
Sunny Day
Swagger
Tackle
Telekinesis
Toxic
Trick
Trick Room
Wonder Room
Zen Headbutt
<Ditto> (Ottis) [No Gender]
Nature: Quirky
Type: Normal
Normal: Normal STAB; +1 BAP on attacks that match dominant arena type after 3 actions. Unable to have Thrash or Outrage disrupted by oncoming damage.
About: A Shiny Ditto, Ottis is a joker at heart. Although he means no harm, Ottis is unable to not change the opponent's form upon transforming, mostly in an (mostly sucessful) attempt at making other people laugh and annoy the enemy.
He bonded extremely well with Bosco, given their similar form, shininess and....''unique'' natures.
Abilities:
Limber (Passive): This Pokemon’s body is well trained and immune to paralysis.
Imposter (HIDDEN ABILITY UNLOCKED, Passive): This Pokemon transforms into an opponent specified by the trainer immediately upon entry into battle.
HP: 90
Atk: Rank 2
Def: Rank 2
SpA: Rank 2
SpD: Rank 2
Spe: 48
Size Class: 1
Weight Class: 1
Base Rank Total: 12
EC: N/A
MC: N/A
AC: 5/5
Attacks - COMPLETE- 0 CC
Transform
Pyroak [Fyrus] (Male)
Nature: Brave (+ Atk, - Spe, -10% Evasion)
Type: Grass/Fire
Abilities: Rock Head/Battle Armor/Chlorophyll (H) UNLOCKED
Stats:
HP: 120
Atk: Rank 4 (+)
Def: Rank 4
SpA: Rank 3
SpD: Rank 3
Spe: 52 (-)
Size Class: 4
Weight Class: 5
Base Rank Total: 20
EC: 9/9
MC: 0
AC: 5/5
Attacks (89/89 - Movepool Complete):
Absorb
Amnesia
Ancientpower
Aromatherapy
Attract
Blaze Kick
Block
Bulldoze
Bullet Seed
Confide
Counter
Double Edge
Double Team
Dragon Tail
Dragonbreath
Earth Power
Earthquake
Ember
Endure
Energy Ball
Facade
Fire Blast
Fire Spin
Flame Burst
Flame Charge
Flame Wheel
Flamethrower
Flare Blitz
Flash
Flash Cannon
Frustation
Giga Drain
Giga Impact
Grass Knot
Grasswhistle
Grassy Terrain
Growth
Headbutt
Heat Crash
Heat Wave
Hidden Power Ice
Hyper Beam
Incinerate
Inferno
Iron Defense
Iron Tail
Lava Plume
Leaf Tornado
Leech Seed
Light Screen
Low Kick
Low Sweep
Natural Gift
Nature Power
Overheat
Petal Blizzard
Petal Dance
Protect
Psybeam
Rest
Return
Revenge
Roar
Rock Climb
Rock Slide
Rock Smash
Rock Tomb
Round
Safeguard
Sand Tomb
Secret Power
Seed Bomb
Sleep Talk
Snore
Solarbeam
Stealth Rock
Strength
Substitute
Sunny Day
Swagger
Sweet Scent
Swords Dance
Synthesis
Toxic
Water Sport
Will-o-Wisp
Wood Hammer
Worry Seed
Zap Cannon
Katherine (Gardevoir) {♀}
Nature: Bold (+1 Def, -1 Atk)
Type: Psychic / Fairy
- Psychic STAB; Can lift and throw opponents with Psychic regardless of Special Attack Rank. Psychic-Type attacks are not godlike and cannot be used as a catchall for Disabling, Binding, and redirecting opposing attacks.
- Fairy STAB; -1 EN on non-Fairy Typed Nature, Sound, and Scent moves (Stacks with second STAB where applicable). (Nature Power, Natural Gift; Sound Moves; Aromatherapy, Odor Sleuth, Sweet Scent)
Abilities: Synchronize / Trace / Telepathy (H) / Pixilate (M)
- Synchronize: (Passive) Pokemon with this ability mentally link their condition to an opposing Pokemon and pass on any status inflicted on them to their foe. Due to their body structure, Poison-Types cannot be poisoned, Fire-Types cannot be burned & Electric-Types cannot be paralyzed in this manner.
- Trace: (Trigger) When entering into battle, this Pokemon can copy an ability on one of its opponents for 6 EN. This effect only triggers if the ability to be copied is specified when the Pokemon is sent out. The ability remains on the Pokemon for six (6) actions. Wonder Guard cannot be Traced.
- Telepathy: (Passive) This Pokemon has a mental link with its allies in multiple battles, which allows it to avoid taking damage from allied attacks that damage each foe or the entire field like Blizzard and Earthquake. They are still affected by an opponents spread damage attacks.
- Pixilate (Toggle) By default, this Pokemon's Normal-type moves are Fairy-type moves, and have an additional two (2) BAP boost. When toggled, this Pokemon's Normal-type attacks have their BAP increased by two (2). If a Pokemon has been skill-swapped multiple abilities that change Normal-type attacks, the attacks become dual-typed, but the BAP boosts of the abilities do not stack.
HP: 100
Atk: 2 (-)
Def: 4 (+)
SpA: 5
SpD: 4
Spe: 80
SC: 3
WC: 3
BRT: 21
(Mega Stats)
HP: 100
Atk: 2 (-)
Def: 4 (+)
SpA: 7
SpD: 5
Spe: 100
SC: 3
WC: 3
BRT: 25
EC: 9/9
MC: 0
AC: 5/5
Attacks (95/101)
Ally Switch
Attract
Calm Mind
Captivate
Charge Beam
Charm
Confuse Ray
Confusion
Dazzling Gleam
Destiny Bond
Disable
Double Edge
Double Team
Dream Eater
Echoed Voice
Encore
Endure
Energy Ball
Facade
Fire Punch
Flash
Fling
Focus Blast
Frustration
Future Sight
Giga Impact
Grass Knot
Growl
Grudge
Headbutt
Heal Bell
Heal Pulse
Healing Wish
Helping Hand
Hidden Power Fire
Hyper Beam
Hyper Voice
Hypnosis
Ice Punch
Icy Wind
Imprison
Light Screen
Lucky Chant
Magic Coat
Magic Room
Magical Leaf
Mean Look
Memento
Mimic
Misty Terrain
Moonblast
Mud Slap
Nightmare
Pain Split
Protect
Psych Up
Psychic
Psyshock
Rain Dance
Recycle
Reflect
Rest
Return
Round
Safeguard
Secret Power
Shadow Ball
Shadow Sneak
Signal Beam
Sing
Skill Swap
Sleep Talk
Snatch
Snore
Stored Power
Substitute
Sunny Day
Swagger
Swift
Synchronoise
Taunt
Telekinesis
Teleport
Thief
Thunder Wave
Thunderbolt
ThunderPunch
Torment
Toxic
Trick
Trick Room
Will-O-Wisp
Wish
Wonder Room
Zen Headbutt
Atk: 2 (-)
Def: 4 (+)
SpA: 5
SpD: 4
Spe: 80
SC: 3
WC: 3
BRT: 21
(Mega Stats)
HP: 100
Atk: 2 (-)
Def: 4 (+)
SpA: 7
SpD: 5
Spe: 100
SC: 3
WC: 3
BRT: 25
EC: 9/9
MC: 0
AC: 5/5
Attacks (95/101)
Ally Switch
Attract
Calm Mind
Captivate
Charge Beam
Charm
Confuse Ray
Confusion
Dazzling Gleam
Destiny Bond
Disable
Double Edge
Double Team
Dream Eater
Echoed Voice
Encore
Endure
Energy Ball
Facade
Fire Punch
Flash
Fling
Focus Blast
Frustration
Future Sight
Giga Impact
Grass Knot
Growl
Grudge
Headbutt
Heal Bell
Heal Pulse
Healing Wish
Helping Hand
Hidden Power Fire
Hyper Beam
Hyper Voice
Hypnosis
Ice Punch
Icy Wind
Imprison
Light Screen
Lucky Chant
Magic Coat
Magic Room
Magical Leaf
Mean Look
Memento
Mimic
Misty Terrain
Moonblast
Mud Slap
Nightmare
Pain Split
Protect
Psych Up
Psychic
Psyshock
Rain Dance
Recycle
Reflect
Rest
Return
Round
Safeguard
Secret Power
Shadow Ball
Shadow Sneak
Signal Beam
Sing
Skill Swap
Sleep Talk
Snatch
Snore
Stored Power
Substitute
Sunny Day
Swagger
Swift
Synchronoise
Taunt
Telekinesis
Teleport
Thief
Thunder Wave
Thunderbolt
ThunderPunch
Torment
Toxic
Trick
Trick Room
Will-O-Wisp
Wish
Wonder Room
Zen Headbutt
In the right corner, we have the well-known battler Canis Majoris. Let's give him a big hand! HIs Mega Evolution for today is Katharine the Gardevior, and she is incredibly strong. The oddball in this lineup is Otis the Ditto, who is a member of a species you don't see every day. I would give the honor of being the Pokemon to watch out for to Fyrus the Pyroak, however, as nothing really likes to fight one of those.
Let's flip a coin to see who sends out first (heads is the left side, tails; the right)...
And it's heads! This is how things will roll...
Engineer Pikachu sends out and equips
Canis Majoris sends out, equips, and orders
Engineer Pikachu orders
I ref.
And it's heads! This is how things will roll...
Engineer Pikachu sends out and equips
Canis Majoris sends out, equips, and orders
Engineer Pikachu orders
I ref.