I guess my point is games like pokemon probably never can be 100% explained logically, rationally, and even "ethically" if we tried to apply modern/realistic sensabilities.
I come at this problem from a weird angle that most people here won't share, and one that is admittedly "cringe" to admit: As a teen, I read a lot, and I mean a lot, of Pokemon fanfiction, and I've even written some.
Now, I don't mean the stereotypical idea of it, where it's taking two characters and making them have a crush on each other. The stories I was interested in were the ones that went in-depth on these problems, and if they had romance that wasn't a big part of my enjoyment. Now, in fanfic spaces, there are two major factions of fiction you can categorize:
-Media with little meat on its bones, leading to a very malleable and easy. These are mostly used for their setting, often discarding characters from the original source entirely.
-Media that is very much focused on individual plot elements, where it's more about individual characters than the setting.
With almost every generation of Pokemon, they fit into the first category, with a few into the second. Spinoffs have their own weird thing, mainly Pokemon Mystery Dungeon for obvious reasons, and it's kind of "in the middle" if it were a spectrum. A lot of stories though focus on entirely new characters in a fleshed-out version of a Pokemon world, filling in the worldbuilding, inventing new concepts or remixing existing ones.
However, one of the things that would vary the most between stories was The Question, The Ultimate Question, how do you depict Pokemon
actually. It's a surprisingly interesting question, because if you go to different periods and media sources for Pokemon, you can make an argument for just about anything.
Now, I've always defaulted to "Pokemon are basically People" because of things like Mystery Dungeon and how the anime portrays the situation. Whereas the games have rarely had Pokemon-to-human communication, from the start the anime has always been more in-depth, naturally.
Simply thought: the concept of "moves". Now we can make an argument that just using the words of each attack could be like how you can train animals just by the tone of your voice to do certain actions, but Pokemon in the anime have entire segments where they talk to each other, and if Pikachu can hear Ash say "Do you wanna go to McDonalds or some shit bruh" and respond "Pika" with a nod, then that goes far beyond just training some phrases.
Now you have others like the manga where Pokemon are portrayed closer to the original games, more animalistic and less intelligent. And the games themselves have changed over time too. You have media like Pokemon Conquest that is... at face value, probably one of the "universes" we know of in the several canons? And it has more similarities with the anime. In recent years, what has sometimes honestly felt like a softcore "ban" on Pokemon and humans interacting much in the main series games lifted, and now just about every game has some Pokemon characters. Not human characters in Pokemon, but outright Pokemon characters, where the humans talk to them and they respond, they have emotions - Calyrex talks, entirely.
There's however, outside of just canon of course, a lot of different ways people see it especially with which era of the series they got into. I've seen stories where the league is a full-on profession with Pokemon being given little personality. There's stories where Pokemon are incomprehensible to humans until they get to know each other, ones where Pokemon talk with psychic ability plot devices, there's ones where Pokemon can just talk. Do Pokemon eat each other? There are more than two answers to that question, there are probably dozens - there's interpretations where mammal Pokemon only eat seafood, for instance. On the subject of intelligence itself, sometimes it depends on Pokemon. Rattata are dumb rats, Jynx are basically human.
There's basically different bits of lore you can use to support any of these positions.
One of the fundamental focuses is actually on what "scale", "spectrum", whatever you'd like to call it, how human are the Pokemon? And this of course plays into how different people tackle the ethics, be it trying to write it however which way they want. And I'll tell you, there are plenty of better ideas for it being ethical and it being unethical than the conclusions Game Freak has presented.
There's actually a lot that you can piece together in many ways using logical conclusions from the tidbits of Pokemon lore the devs, who 100% aren't committed to lore at all, still add into the games. One that I've always liked is the concept of "Infinity Energy" introduced in X and Y, named in Omega Ruby and Alpha Sapphire. This is a mini plotline where you go to the sunken ship and read letters that talk of how Devon Corp gets energy, and to be blunt, it's implied
They're Killing The Dogs:
Now, the main thing here that matters is the last energy. "That they had used Pokemon bioenergy to create Infinity Energy." This is interesting, and on its own sounds bad enough, but what we also know in retrospect is that what AZ used to fuel The Ultimate Weapon is the exact same source.
The Adventures Manga makes it even more transparent, though I do not claim that to be technically "canon" or if it's held up to some internal standards:
Now this is actually really interesting storytelling, and it gives us a lot of possibilities. For one, it makes Devon Corp seem really fucking evil, but you can use this sort of conclusion all over the place. Let's say Revives.
Now, to be clear, I am
not claiming this is the original intention all the way back in 1996, or that this is even true, but we can take the drip-feeds of information they give us to craft interesting ideas. Revives do not seem like human-made medicine in the same way that Potions do, Max Revives especially being rare and generally being found outdoors rather than in Marts. Considering the versatility of Infinity Energy, and how with AZ's Floette it can keep it alive eternally, it's not an insane reach to conclude that Revives could be natural "Infinity Energy deposits". The games never actually give an explanation to their creation and especially Max Revives are interesting, there is other medicine to help revive Pokemon that is generally closer to real medicine unlike this and other types of items.
This is the type of stuff you can do when you think about these things for a second, and this is part of what makes reading fan made stories around the series interesting. Tidbits that can be interwoven to create a more concrete lore, better worldbuilding as a whole. But then you get to stories based on actual plots.
So like, I don't think it's about "can they explain their worldbuilding", more a question of "do they want to." Clever writers will bridge gaps and do the mental math to not only create a coherent, or at least semi-coherent world, but also attempt to make it as interesting as possible. It's about the fact that the developers just
don't want to. Hell, as much as I said the modern games are going more in the anime's direction, Legends Arceus basically says "no" to most old lore about Pokemon ethics from the official source.
The consensus used to be that Pokemon that we encounter on routes are actively looking for trainers that are strong, and that is why they battle and go to these carved-out routes rather than I dunno, the bundles of trees the player can't even walk into. A bit of a messy explanation, but it was official and at least was something. With turn-based gameplay and little animation, we can fill in the blanks in our head and make our own story. And then Legends Arceus goes and basically makes it out to be explicitly "This wild Pokemon is running from me, scared, and I'm gonna hit it in the back of the head aren't I?"
Along with that, even as a lore nerd, I can tell you I honestly do not understand Scarlet/Violet's lore and that it was much more interesting before the DLC in all honesty with "wish theory" or whatever you'd like to call it. And Sword/Shield's lore with Dynamax is literally contradictory within about every media source.
So it's really less that we can't explain things, humans are clever. It's that Game Freak actively doesn't want to, and honestly, nowadays kinda just goes out of their way and makes decisions that make shit make less sense for vibes-based media. Legends Arceus was Game Freak's "What if Pokemon were dangerous and attacked humans!!!!!!" game tone wise, so they just threw away previous tones and boom.
It's not necessarily a bad thing, to be clear. I mean I think Scarlet/Violet uses its Huh?? lore to make a Wow!! story, and Legends Arceus is also an interesting setting. Recent years in the franchise has shown that we're heading into a direction of "Fuck it we ball", just about any setting can/will be crossed with Pokemon if they think it's cool, so I don't expect this to change, and that's fine!
Last time I talked about Pokemon lore people replied to me like I was mad it doesn't make sense and like. To be explicitly clear for the third time in a row: I am not mad about Pokemon lore not making sense, I am explaining the perspective that there isn't a reason Pokemon can't make sense, it's that they don't care to make it / don't want it to.
I could make a pretty coherent explanation for Pokemon training to be 100% ethical, but that's ultimately just fanon and Game Freak would prefer that we just fill in the gaps in our head. It's something that books do well, and why people prefer books over movies sometimes. The book lets
me imagine
my version of the events, the movie has one version. And I think that some videogames really prefer that, and I think it's also a deliberate choice with these kids-friendly franchises that try to play for all audiences.
Game Freak doesn't want to pick a lane on lore because if they do that, there will always be millions and millions of people whose headcanons are invalidated and therefore hinder their enjoyment of the series a bit. Because everyone has their own individualized interpretation, even those who don't actually give a shit- it's the nature of this type of series.
I also think Game Freak has thought about this because like, we just got massive leaks that show they actually do put effort into lore docs, the mythology of the series, etc. If they really wanted to just pick one coherent vision they could! They choose not to.