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I really like how the trade evolution squad from Gen I parallel each other in several small ways. I think of them in the configuration above a lot, because I think each parallels two of the other three while not having much in common with the third.
Alakazam and Gengar parallel each other by being the specially-inclined "brains" pair, while Golem and Machamp parallel each other by being the physically-inclined "brawns" pair. But Golem also parallels Gengar; Golem and Gengar are the non-humanoid pairing dual-typed pairing who can both use exploding moves, and Golem has an advantage over Gengar in generations where Levitate isn't a factor. Their stats are also relatively mirrored, with Gengar excelling in Special and Speed while Golem excels in HP, Attack, and Defence. This counterbalances Alakazam and Machamp who make an obvious pairing by being the single-typed humanoid brain-vs-brawn duo, with Alakazam having the distinct advantage; their stats are similarly mirrored. Thus, brains wins in one of the matchups while brawn wins the other.
Some of those may not be intentional parallels, and some may be things I've just perceived. But parallels need not be intentional to be observed, and I think there's some fun symmetry with these guys.
I don't think Game Freak set out to make them deliberate counterparts, especially since they aren't balanced. On the strength of their typings alone, Alakazam beats Gengar and Machamp, Machamp beats Golem, Golem beats Gengar, and Gengar beats Machamp while having an advantage against Alakazam too. I don't think Alakazam particularly parallels Golem, nor Machamp to Gengar. Also, Golem is the only one to get a regional form.