well the timers(0-3) are hardware timers and there are 2 sets of them, 1 set for each cpu. so they're part of the ds, not the game. there are 8 total timers since there are 4 per cpu. the gba also had 4 timers but only 1 cpu, so there were only 4 timers there.
the * are pointers. *timer0 is the value at 4000100 and *counter is the value at 21e19dc.
you might be able to sort of, kind of, abuse the wondercard pids. you would have a hell of a time with the initial seed, though. The timer's clock is 33.514mhz, which would be difficult to work with to say the least.
i didn't write anything for the 4th gen wondercards, but i do have an app with high link abuse built in. it doesn't really work quite right because the rng keeps moving while you'e in the high link. plus, HL pokes can;t be shiny, so there isn;t much point. it might very well be doable, though.